Answer for 5 Markss
Q)What is a Global burden of disease?

Solution:

Global Burden of Disease (GBD) is an indicator used by experts to measure the number of people dying prematurely due to a particular disease. This also includes the number of years spent by them in a state of disability due to various diseases. India bears a frightening 20 % of the GBD. 
The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study is the most comprehensive worldwide observational epidemiological study to date. Led by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington, Seattle (USA) the GBD study offers a powerful resource to understand the changing health challenges facing people across the world in the 21st century.
Examining trends from 1990 to the present, the latest GBD study includes data on mortality and morbidity in 204 countries and territories, 369 diseases and injuries, and 87 risk factors. By tracking the progress within and between countries, it provides an important tool to inform clinicians, researchers, and policymakers, promote accountability and improve lives worldwide.

The GBD has three specific aims:
  • To systematically incorporate information on non-fatal outcomes into the assessment of the health status (using a time-based measure of healthy years of life lost due either to premature mortality or to years lived with a disability, weighted by the severity of that disability)
  • To ensure that all estimates and projections were derived on the basis of objective epidemiological and demographic methods, which were not influenced by advocates.
  • To measure the burden of disease using a metric that could also be used to assess the cost-effectiveness of interventions. The metric chosen was the DALY.[citation needed]
The burden of disease can be viewed as the gap between current health status and an ideal situation in which everyone lives into old age free of disease and disability. Causes of the gap are premature mortality, disability, and exposure to certain risk factors that contribute to illness.

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