Explain how NaH₂PO₄ and NaHPO_​2 are forming buffers?

Dear Student,

Please find below the solution to the asked query.

The compounds NaH₂PO₄ and Na₂HPO₄ are a pair of conjugate acid-base. 
A conjugate acid-base pair acts as an excellent buffer.
See the reaction below with any weak acid, let phosphoric acid:

$\underset{Base}{HP{O_4}^{2-}} + H^{+} \to \underset{Conjugate acid}{H_{2}P{O_4}^{-}}$

Thus, they both act as buffer with phosphoric acid.

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Akanksha Jain