Explain the production of following salts with chemical equation.
(i) washing soda
(ii) baking soda
(iii) bleaching soda
(iv) plaster of Paris

Dear Student,

The washing soda is prepared from sodium bicarbonate however, sodium chloride is also used in this process but it is not responsible only for the preparation of washing soda. Well, the route involving sodium chloride is : 

=> Ammonia reacts with carbon dioxide to give ammonium carbonate and further to give bicarbonate as:

2NH3 + CO2 + H2O-->  (NH4)2CO3 

(NH4)2CO3 +  CO2 + H2O --> 2NH4HCO3  

Now, the ammonium bicarbonate reacts with NaCl to give sodium bicarbonate(baking soda) which is further heated to produce sodium carbonate ( the washing soda)

NH4HCO3 + NaCl --> NaHCO3  + NH4Cl

 NaHCO3  ---> Na2CO3 (washing soda) + CO2 + H2O

Bleaching powder :
The chemical name of bleaching powder is calcium oxychloride and its chemical formula is CaOCl2. It is prepared by passing chlorine gas through dry slaked lime. Following is the chemical equation for the reaction

Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 → CaOCl2 + H2O

Plaster of Paris :

Plaster of Paris is prepared by heating gypsum [which is chemically calcium sulphate dihydrate (CaSO4.2H2O)] at 373 K. On heating at 373 K, gypsum loses water molecules and becomes Plaster of Paris, which has the chemical name calcium sulphate hemihydrate. Its chemical formula is CaSO4.1/2H2O. Following is the chemical equation for the reaction



Baking soda :
Baking Soda with the chemical formula NaHCO3  is mainly prepared by the Solvay process, which is the reaction of sodium chlorideammonia, and carbon dioxide in water. The balanced chemical reaction is given below:

 
Preparation of caustic soda NaOH is done by  electrolysis of NaCl in Castner − Kellner cell. 

Link for preparation of common salt.
https://www.meritnation.com/ask-answer/question/what-is-sodium-chloride-made-up-of/is-matter-around-us-pure/8130001

Hope this information will clear your doubts about topic.

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Regards

 
 

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