Explain why? In detail.
Q.2. Which of the following is most effective in coagulating negatively charged hydrated ferric oxide sol ?
(i) N a N O 3
(ii) M g S O 4
(iii) A l C l 3
Ans. A l C l 3 / A l 3 +

The higher the valency of the coagulating ion, greater the coagulating power of the ion, since the hydrated ferric oxide sol is negatively charged sol, so the positive ion will coagulate the sol. So, out the given electrolytes Al3+ in AlCl3 have the highest magnitude of positive charge. The correct option is (iii).

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According to Hardy Schulze rule, greater the charge on ion responsible for coagulation, greater the coagulating power.

NaNO3 - charge on Na is +1                   As +3>+2>+1, AlCl​3 acts as a better coagulating agent.
MgSO​4 - charge on Mg is +2.
AlCl3 -charge on Al is +3.
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