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A. 1. Bacteria are used in the preparation of cheese, pickles, and many other food items. One such bacterium, Lactobacillus, promotes the formation of curd. It multiplies in milk and converts it to curd.

There are some bacteria and blue-green algae, which fix the atmospheric nitrogen into soil and thereby, increase the fertility of soil.

2. Algae are mostly found in water bodies like ponds, lakes, rivers and seas.  

4. When the jute plant is in the flowering stage, it is harvested. After harvesting, it is kept submerged in water for a few days. During this period, the stem of the plant rots and the fibres (present in the stem) remain. The process by which fibres are obtained from the stem of the plant is known as retting. 

5. Two antibiotics are- Penicillin and chloramphenicol.

Please post rest of the questions in a separate thread.

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