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Dear student,
The answer to your 1st question is provided below-
Jantar Mantar is an equinoctial sundial, which consists of a gigantic triangular gnomon with the hypotenuse parallel to the Earth's axis that means calculating instrument. It is connected to Horology which is the study of the measurement of time. This is because Jantar Mantar which is mainly located in New Delhi, consisting of 13 architectural astronomy instruments, had the purpose to compile astronomical tables. Jantar Mantar is used to predict times and the sun’s apparent movement with that of the moon and other planets’ movement. Thus Jantar Mantar is connected to Horology.
Regards
 

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Dear Student,

Jantar Mantar is located in the modern city of New Delhi. It consists of 13 architectural astronomy instruments. The site is one of five built by Maharaja Jai Singh II of Jaipur, from 1723 onwards,revising the calendar and astronomical tables. There is a plaque fixed on one of the structures in the Jantar Mantar observatory in New Delhi that was placed there in 1910 mistakenly dating the construction of the complex to the year 1710. Later research, though, suggests 1724 as the actual year of construction. Its height is 723 feet (220 m).

The primary purpose of the observatory was to compile astronomical tables, and to predict the times and movements of the sun, moon and planets. Some of these purposes nowadays would be classified as astronomy.

Completed in 1724, the Delhi Jantar Mantar had decayed considerably by 1857 uprising. The Ram Yantra, the Samrat Yantra, the Jai Prakash Yantra and the Misra Yantra are the distinct instruments of Jantar Mantar.

Regards,
Priya Agrawal.
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