pls explain three challenges to democracy

pls give answer in point

  • foundational challenge
  • challenge of expansion
  • challenge of deepening of democracy

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*Foundational challenge,

*Challenge of expansion,

*Deepening of democracy are some of the challenges of democracy.

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 pls explain it

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Foundational Challenge 
Different countries face different kinds of challenges. At least one fourth of the globe is still not under democratic government. The challenge for democracy in these parts of the world is very stark. These countries face the foundational challenge of making the transition to democracy and then instituting democratic government. This involves bringing down the existing non-democratic regime, keeping military away from controlling government and establishing a sovereign and functional state. For example, Nepal was under Monarchy till recent times. Now Nepal has changed to a democratic system. Certain mindsets and systems will take years to change as they have taken years to develop. Nepal is a very good example of foundational challenge of democracy.


Challenge of Expansion
Most of the established democracies face the challenge of expansion. This involves applying the basic principle of democratic government across all the regions, different social groups and various institutions. Ensuring greater power to local governments, extension of federal principle to all the units of the federation, inclusion of women and minority groups, etc., falls under this challenge. This also means that less and less decisions should remain outside the arena of democratic control. Most countries including India and other democracies like the US face this challenge. In India certain socio-economically backward groups have yet to get the political powers. Additionally, some north-eastern states have not yet fully integrated with the mainstream India. These are examples of challenge of expansion of democracy.


Deepening of Democracy
The third challenge of deepening of democracy is faced by every democracy in one form or another. This involves strengthening of the institutions and practices of democracy. This should happen in such a way that people can realise their expectations of democracy. But ordinary people have different expectations from democracy in different societies. In the early nineties, when T N Sheshan became the Chief Election Commissioner, he brought about a revolutionary change of disciplining political parties. This in turn ensured fairer elections. This is an example of strengthening a particular political institution.

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Foundational challenge
* The challenge of making the transition to democracy and then instituting 
democratic government.
* Bringing down the existing non-democratic regime, keeping military away from 
controlling government and establishing a sovereign and functional state.
 
Challenge of expansion
* The basic principle of democratic government must be applied across all the 
regions, different social groups and various institutions. 
* Decision should be democratically taken. 
* Greater powers should be given to the federating units along with women and 
various other marginalized classes.
 
Challenge of deepening of democracy
* Involves strengthening the institutions that help in the participation of people and 
the functioning of democracies.
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  • foundational challenge  - countries dat do not have a democratic set up face dis challengeof making a transition to a democratic style of govt.
  • challenge of expansion - countries already have a democratic set up face dis challenge of expanding it to various social groups and regions.such countries need to ensure that more social groups, regions and institutions follow democracy in deir functioning. dis also means dat more power is distributed among lower levels of govt.
  • challenge of deepening of democracy - dis challenge is faced by all democracies. every democratic country need to strengthen institutions dat ensure democracy

 

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