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What is noise pollution ? How can you control it ?

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Noise is defined as, "the unwanted, unpleasant or disagreeable sound that causes discomfort to all living beings". Sound intensity is measured in decibels (dB), that is the tenth part of the longest unit Bel. One dB is the faintest sound that a human ear can hear.

Control measures:
  1. SOURCE CONTROL: This includes source  modification such as acoustic treatment to machine surface, design changes, limiting operational timings, etc
  2. TRANSMISSION PATH INTERVENTION: This includes containing the source inside a sound insulating enclosure, constructing a noise barrier or provision of sound absorbing materials along the path.
  3. RECEPTOR CONTROL: This includes protection of the receiver by altering the work schedule or provision of personal protection devices such as ear plugs for operating noisy machinery. The measure may include dissipation and deflection methods.
  4. OILING: Proper oiling will reduce noise from the machine.
Preventive measures:
  1. Prescribing noise limits for vehicular traffic
  2.  Ban on honking (usage of horns) in certain areas
  3. Creation of silence zones near schools and hospitals
  4. Redesigning buildings to make them noise proof
  5. Reduction of traffic density in residential areas
  6. Giving preference to mass public transport system.
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Noise pollution or noise disturbance is the disturbing or excessive noise that may harm the activity or balance of human or animal life. 1) Control at Receiver’s End:

For people working in noisy installations, ear-protection aids like ear-plugs, ear-muffs, noise helmets, headphones etc. must be provided to reduce occupa­tional exposure.

(2) Suppression of Noise at Source:

This is possible if working methods are improved by:

(a) Designing, fabricating and using quieter machines to replace the noisy ones.

(b) Proper lubrication and better maintenance of machines.

(c) Installing noisy machines in sound proof chambers.

(d) Covering noise-producing machine parts with sound-absorbing materials to check noise production.

(e) Reducing the noise produced from a vibrating machine by vibration damp­ing i.e. making a layer of damping material (rubber, neoprene, cork or plas­tic) beneath the machine.

(f) Using silencers to control noise from automobiles

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