what the steps involved in nodule formation?

The formation of root nodules involves multiple steps. The process may be summarized as follows:

1) Rhizobium, a bacteria divides itself to form colonies which gets attached to the root hair and the epidermal cells of the plant.
2) The bacteria invades the root hair making the roots hair to curl.

3) An infection thread is then formed which carries the bacteria into the cortex of the root.

4) The bacteria gets itself modified into rod shaped bacteroids.

5) Then the cells present inside the cortex and pericycle divide resulting in the formation of root nodules.

6) The root nodules then formed gets connected with the vascular tissues of the plant leading to nutrient exchange by the roots.

It is well explained through animation in the study material at the following link

http://cbse.meritnation.com/study-online/study-material/QfwzTXoGz51xszIRS6r1eQ!!/ZnvyVv6XzPFM7TZbEmZh1w!! 

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 Multiple interactions are involved in the formation of root nodules. The Rhizobiumbacteria divide and form colonies. These get attached to the root hairs and epidermal cells. The root hairs get curled and are invaded by the bacteria. This invasion is followed by the formation of an infection thread that carries the bacteria into the cortex of the root. The bacteria get modified into rod-shaped bacteroides. As a result, the cells in the cortex and pericycle undergo division, leading to the formation of root nodules. The nodules finally get connected with the vascular tissues of the roots for nutrient exchange

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Multiple interactions are involved in the formation of root nodules. The Rhizobiumbacteria divide and form colonies. These get attached to the root hairs and epidermal cells. The root hairs get curled and are invaded by the bacteria. This invasion is followed by the formation of an infection thread that carries the bacteria into the cortex of the root. The bacteria get modified into rod-shaped bacteroides. As a result, the cells in the cortex and pericycle undergo division, leading to the formation of root nodules. The nodules finally get connected with the vascular tissues of the roots for nutrient exchange

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