Why does failure of testes to descend into the scrotum produce sterility?

The failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum causes sterility because sperm formation does not occur at the abdominal temperature. The human male possesses two testes lying in a scortum outside the abdominal cavity. Sperm production is efficient at a temperature that is lower than the body temperature. Scortum acts as a thermoregulator and enhances the sperm production by keeping the testes cool.

More to Know:

Cryptorchidism is the failure of one or both testes to descend.

Cryptorchidism or undescended testicle refers to a testis that has not moved into the scrotum before a baby is born. It occurs in around 5% of newborn boys. Whether it is just one or both testicles, cryptorchidism generally corrects itself within a few months. It is believed that a combination of genetics, maternal health and hormonal change by some environmental factors could be the cause of cryptorchidism.