Why red blood cells burst when placed in a solution that has lower  concentration than plasma?

Dear student,

Solution having lower salt concentration than blood plasma means the solution is hypotonic. So, water from the solution will diffuse into  RBC by osmosis which causes RBC to swell up and burst. This process is also known as haemolysis.

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Red blood cells placed in a solution with a higher water concentration compared to their contents (eg pure water) will gain water by osmosis, swell up and?burst.

Water will diffuse from a higher water concentration outside the cell to a lower water concentration inside the cell.
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Dear student,

When a solution has lower concentration, it means that it has a higher amount of water in it. This water is taken in by the RBC to reach equilibrium position. This causes the RBC to burst. 

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