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Describe how the interaction of the Sun, Moon, and Earth result in the lunar cycle.

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Moon revolves around the earth and while revolving, its surface gets illuminated by sun. The change in the surface of the moon being illuminated by sun forms lunar cycle. It spans for 29 days and has eight different phases.
Moon start its cycle as a new moon, then becomes full moon and then back to new moon. This cycle indicates an occurrence of motion (of moon around the earth).
Lunar cycle happens due to different positions of earth, moon and sun relative to each other. Hence, this system of earth-sun-moon is useful in prediction of lunar cycle. e.g. a phase in this cycle known as new moon occurs when moon is directly present between earth and the sun.​

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both are in same line that is why
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as we know moon does not have its own light and reflects the light of the sun
so the interaction of sun and moon plays a very important role in the lunar cycle as the moon is revolving around the earth sometimes the rays of the sun cover only a partial part of the moon thus we see only some part of the moon from earth  
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