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difference between prokaroyes and eukaroytes

Eukaryotes:-

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1) Has a well defined nucleus.

2) Genetic material is enclosed.

3) Membrane bound Organelles are present.

4) Cell size is 10-100um.

5) Consists of 80s type of Ribosomes.

.

Prokaryotes:-

.

1) Lacks a well defined nucleus.

2) Genetic material is naked.

3) Lacks membrane bound organelles.

4) Cell size is usually 0-10um.

5) Consists of 70s type of ribosomes.

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Eukaryotic CellProkaryotic CellNucleus:PresentAbsentNumber of chromosomes:More than oneOne--but not true chromosome:PlasmidsCell Type:Usually multicellularUsually unicellular (some cyanobacteria may be multicellular)TrueMembranebound Nucleus:PresentAbsentExample:Animals and PlantsBacteria and ArchaeaGenetic Recombination:Meiosis and fusion of gametesPartial, undirectional transfers DNALysosomes and peroxisomes:PresentAbsentMicrotubules:PresentAbsent or rareEndoplasmicreticulum:PresentAbsentMitochondria:PresentAbsentCytoskeleton:PresentMay be absentDNA wrapping on proteins.:Eukaryotes wrap their DNA around proteins calledhistones.Multiple proteins act together to fold and condense prokaryotic DNA. Folded DNA is then organized into a variety of conformations that are supercoiled and wound around tetramers of the HU protein.Ribosomes:largersmallerVesicles:PresentPresentGolgi apparatus:PresentAbsentChloroplasts:Present (in plants)Absent; chlorophyll scattered in the cytoplasmFlagella:Microscopic in size;membranebound; usually arranged as nine doublets surrounding two singletsSubmicroscopic in size, composed of onlyone fiberPermeability of NuclearMembrane:Selectivenot presentPlasmamembranewith steroid:YesUsually noCell wall:Only in plant cells and fungi (chemically simpler)Usually chemically complexedVacuoles:PresentPresentCell size:10-100um1-10um
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sorry for the confusing answer ,there was a tables but after posting it all got mixed up

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Prokaryotic cells:

  • Most primitive, earliest form of life
  • Do not have a pre-defined nucleus
  • Chromosomes are dispersed in the cytoplasm
  • Contain no membrane-bound organelles
  • Have circular chromosomes and lack histone proteins
  • Most metabolically diverse
  • Small - typically 1 - 5 micrometers in diameter
  • Have a primitive cytosketetal structures or don't have a cytoskeleton at all
  • Smaller (70S) ribosomes
  • Don't undergo meiosis but reproduce sexually by the transfer of DNA fragments through conjugation

Eukaryotic cells:

  • More complex, evolved organsims
  • Contain true nuclei in which chromosomes are compacted as chromatin
  • Contain membrane-boundorganelles
  • Have linear DNA and contain histone proteins
  • Larger - typically 10-100 micrometers in diameter
  • Have a complex cytosketeton
  • Larger (80S) ribosom
  • Reproduce sexually with the use of meiosis

There are two main differences.(1) Prokaryotes(P) do not contain membrane bounded organelles while eukaryotes(E) do.(2)(P) have circular DNA and nuclear content aggregated in their cytoplasm while (E) have a nucleus within which the nuclear content is stored.
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Characteristics

Prokaryote

Eukaryote

Size of the cell

Small in size

Vary is size, generally larger than prokaryotes

Nucleus

Nucleus with nuclear membrane is absent

A well-defined nucleus with nuclear membrane is present

Membrane-enclosed organelles

Organelles like mitochondria and plastids, which have a membrane around them are absent

Membrane-enclosed organelles like mitochondria and plastids are present

Cell wall

Cell wall is usually present in prokaryotes and is composed of peptidoglycan

Cell wall is usually present in plant cells and is composed of cellulose

Genetic material

Present as nucleoid

Present inside the nucleus

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prokaryote

1)small in size

2)nucleus with nuclear membrane is absent

3)organelles like mitochondria and plastids, which have a membrane around them are absent

4)cell wall is usually present in prokaryotes and is composed of peptidoglycan

5)genetic material is present as nucleoid

eukaryote

1)vary in size, generally larger in size

2)a wel-defined nucleus with nuclear membrane is present

3)membrane-enclosed organelles like mitochondria and plastids are present

4)cell wall is usually present in plant cells and is composed of cellulose

5)genetic material is present inside the nucleus

hope this helps u..

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