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Dear Student,

Please find below the answer to your question 

The revolt of 1857 was caused by the below reasons:

1. The Britishers took away all the authorities from the Nawabs and they were asked to leave their territories eventually, losing honour and respect.
2. Lord Dalhousie applied the 'Doctrine of Lapse' which caused resentment among many kingdoms including ones ruled by Rani Laxmibai of Jhansi who wanted her adopted son to sit on the throne.
3. Nana Saheb Peshwa, son of Peshwa Bajirao was denied the pension after his father's death.
4. Bahadur Shah's successor was denied the right to live at the Red Fort and their line of heir were to be termed as only princes.
5. Awadh was the to be annexed as Lord Dalhousie accused the government of maladministration.
6. The Zamindari(landlord) system was introduced by the British through which the farmers were exploited  and harassed as they would not be able to pay the taxes due to which they lost their lands to the moneylenders.
7. The traditional industries in India suffered a huge loss during this period since no attention was provided to it diminishing state. Due to this the peasants and the artisans moved away from their places.
8. There was an increase in unemployment during this period.

The revolt of 1857:

• The mutiny began on 10 May 1857, in the town of Meerut, and soon spread into different mutinies and rebellions largely in the upper northern and central India.
• The rebellion is also known by many different names such as 'India's First War of Independence', 'the Great Rebellion', 'the Indian Mutiny',' the Revolt of 1857', 'the Uprising of 1857', 'the Sepoy Rebellion' and 'the Sepoy Mutiny'. 
• Only with the fall of Gwalior on June 20, 1858, could the company contain the rebellion.
• Some regions remained calm, while some supported the Company by helping them with soldiers and some others did not participate in the uprising at all.
• The rebellion led to the dissolution of the East India Company in 1858, transferring the administration to the British Raj, but the same policies could not control the people eventually entering a new phase of history. 

Below are the changes that were introduced by  the British which saw  a new phase of history after 1857.

1.  In 1858, The British Parliament passed a new Act by transferring  the powers of the East India Company to the British Crown. 
2.  Annexation had stopped and the chiefs were allowed to pass their kingdom to their heirs , even adopted children were accepted. But they were made to acknowledge the Queen of England as their Sovereign Paramount. 
3.  European soldiers were recruited and they were in majority and more soldiers were to be recruited from among the Gurkhas, Sikhs and Pathans.
4. The Britishers believed that Muslims were responsible for the rebellion in a big way and hence, all their land and property were confiscated.
5. The customary religious and  social practices of the people in India were considered.
6. Policies to protect landlords and zamindars were made.

Hope this answered your question. Look forward to hearing from you again!

Regards,