Please solve question no.12.

Dear student

Length of load(fire tong) arm = 20cm
Length of effort arm = 15cm
​​​​​​i) mechanical advantage = effort arm/load arm
so M.A = 15/20 = 0.75
ii)
Effort needed = load / MA
So effort needed = 1.5/0.75 = 2kgf. : Given load = 2kgf
So effort needed = 2kgf

With regards