which gland is also called the master gland?why is it called so?where is it located in human body?what is its role in puberty?

Solution:

The pituitary gland is referred to as the master gland of the endocrine system because its hormones control the activity of other glands. It regulates the secretion and release of specific hormones as needed by the body at a specific time.  

Location: The pituitary gland is situated at the base of the brain. The bony cavity in which it sets is called sella turcica.

Role in Puberty: At the time of puberty, the hypothalamus starts secreting GnRH (gonadotrophin-releasing hormone) which then stimulates the pituitary gland, it starts producing some hormones namely, LH and  FSH in the blood of males and females. The first-time appearance of these hormones indicates puberty in a person.
In males, LH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of androgens in the testis and FSH regulates spermatogenesis.
In females, LH induces ovulation and FSH stimulates the growth and development of ovarian follicles.